Bensyl and Bao - Ping Zhu

نویسندگان

  • Bao-Ping Zhu
  • Thomas M. Weiser
  • Mei Lin
  • Venkata Garikapaty
  • Robert W. Feyerharm
چکیده

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the association of smoking status as a risk factor for reduced initiation and duration of breastfeeding. METHODS: The Missouri Pregnancy Related Assessment and Monitoring System collected a stratified sample of new mothers in 2005. Surveys were mailed, with telephone follow-up, and completed within 2 to 12 months after delivery. Respondents were classified as nonsmokers, smokers who quit during pregnancy, light smokers ( 10 cigarettes per day), or moderate/heavy smokers ( 10 cigarettes per day). Multivariable binomial regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess breastfeeding initiation and duration according to smoking status. RESULTS: Overall, 1789 women participated (weighted response rate: 61%). Approximately 74% of the women ever breastfed; 31% of the women ever smoked while pregnant. Compared with nonsmokers, the moderate/heavy smokers and light smokers were less likely to initiate breastfeeding, after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, the presence of other smokers in the household, alcohol use, mode of delivery, and infant hospitalization. Compared with nonsmokers, the moderate/heavy smokers, light smokers, and smokers who quit during pregnancy were more likely to wean over time, controlling for the same covariates. There were no significant differences between nonsmokers and smokers regarding reasons for not initiating or ceasing breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS: Mothers who smoked initiated breastfeeding less often and weaned earlier than nonsmoking mothers. Incorporating knowledge of the association between smoking and breastfeeding into existing smoking-cessation and breastfeeding programs could provide opportunities to reduce perinatal exposure to tobacco smoke, improve interest in breastfeeding, and address other barriers to breastfeeding that smoking mothers may face. Pediatrics 2009;124:1603–1610 AUTHORS: Thomas M. Weiser, MD, MPH,a Mei Lin, MD, MSc,b Venkata Garikapaty, PhD, MPH,b Robert W. Feyerharm, MA,b Diana M. Bensyl, PhD,c and Bao-Ping Zhu, MD, MSb aEpidemic Intelligence Service, cOffice of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; and bMissouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Jefferson City, Missouri

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Synthesis and structural analysis of a regular Cu-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-like compound

Jian-Song WU1,∗, Ying-Kai XIAO, Yu-Ping LIU, Wan-Bang XU, Mei-Fang LIANG, Jian CHENG, Jian-Ping WAN, Ling-Zhu CHEN School of Chemistry Science and Technology, Zhanjiang Normal College, 524048, Zhanjiang-CHINA e-mail: [email protected] Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 810008, Xining-CHINA Guangdong Institute fo...

متن کامل

2,3-Bis[(2-cyano­eth­yl)sulfan­yl]-1,4,5,8-tetra­thia­fulvalene-6,7-dicarbonitrile

In the title compound, C(14)H(8)N(4)S(6), the two five-membered rings lie in the same plane with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0334 (5) Å. The crystal structure features inter-molecular S⋯N inter-actions of 3.295 (4) Å.

متن کامل

Sensitive and homogeneous microRNA detection using branched cascade enzymatic amplification.

This assay, termed branched cascade enzymatic amplification (BCEA), can be a novel and straightforward method for sensitive and specific microRNA detection in crude cellular extracts of cancer cells at physiological temperature, by coupling two ordinary polymerases, Klenow fragment exo(-) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.

متن کامل

2-(4-Phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-N-(p-tol­yl)acetamide

In the title mol-ecule, C(17)H(16)N(4)O, the triazole ring makes dihedral angles of 29.00 (1) and 77.74 (1)°, respectively, with the phenyl and benzene rings. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains extending along the c axis.

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2009